SKCK AS AN EARLY WARNING EFFORTS OF YOUTH VIOLENCE ON FEELING

A series of ratification of laws in Indonesia from 2019 to 2020 prove that legislative work has increased rapidly, especially since there are still many laws that are still in the deliberation stage. On the other hand, the ratification has received rejection from several groups, although the objections in the form of demonstrations are protected by law and guaranteed by law, it is uncommon for demonstrations to end in anarchist actions that harm the state, society, and social environment. What is worrying is that the anarchist actions involve teenagers who are included in the underage category. According to Law No. 9 of 1998 on the freedom to express opinions in public, it does provide freedom for Indonesian citizens to express their views. However, it is unfortunate that the demonstrations that are followed by teenagers, on this matter from vocational and high school students, usually take place in a riot, even though most of them also do not notice what things they aspire from the beginning. The theories used in this journal are mass mobilization theory, freedom of speech theory, and juvenile delinquency theory. The methodology used is qualitative by processing data from primary and secondary sources. A demonstration that took place in the ribs would be a bad pretend for the development of democracy in Indonesia. Consequently, to minimize unrest with the demonstrators, the National Police tried the option to tighten the provision of SKCK(police certificate of good conduct) for rioters in demonstrations, this was aimed at being a preventative medium for students so that want to control their behavior.


INTRODUCTION
A series of passing laws that become the national legislative program proves that the performance of the legislature has increased. Sufficiently passed laws have a high legality value. For example, the discussion of the Criminal Code Bill, which has never reached an agreement, will be discussed again in 2019. The Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) Law also became revitalized and was later passed in 2019. Behind this success, the ratification of the Law by the DPR has always been greeted with opposition parties from various levels of society. It is ordinary for these actions to end in chaos and anarchism. It is common for these actions to involve adolescents and minors.
This fact shows that presently adolescent responses to various problems in this country are very high. Apart from adolescents, the involvement of high school and vocational students has also attracted attention from various circles, much of the demonstrations attended by high school and vocational high school students in the last few occasions have ended in chaos. For example, the demonstration protests against the ratification of The Elimination of Sexual Violence Bill and the revision of the KPK Law. It is paramount to understand that demonstrations are part of a change in society, but the action has ample space for actions that violate the law and disturb the public interest. There are three factors that influence demonstrations that lead to clashes, first is a sense of injustice, second is the threat of subsistence and the third is the existence of violations of human rights. The results of field observations show that the patterns and trends of violence are almost certainly the same. This is in accordance with the opinion of Hasse (2017) which states that if we observe the character of adolescents during demonstrations, it can be predicted which demonstrations will lead to chaos and which will not end in chaos. The demonstration is in fact not only attended by teenagers but also students at a young age, who do not necessarily know the contents of the law. In general, students who take part in the demonstration are SMK and SMA students in the Jabodetabek area.
Demonstrations that lead to chaos and clashes are commonplace that we almost encounter on various occasions. What is unusual when the demonstration being used as an arena to showcase the existence of the protesters. This reality is currently developing in Indonesia. In everyday life in the community, of course, people are no stranger to narcissism. Engkus (2017) says that narcissism is a personality disorder that occurs as a result of a person having a very excessive feeling that she/he is someone who is feeling important and deserves to be praised. Someone who feels narcissistic will feel that she/he is the most important things and does not respect the feelings of others.
Demonstrations are the means most often used today. However, with the rampant demonstrations that can be found almost every day, it seems as if people are driven bored because they could not see the real results of these actions. Until sometimes a negative stigma emerges from the public who think demonstrations are useless, even considered demonstrations only for practical political purposes, so paid demonstrators are often staged. Polri(National Police) as a state institution responsible for security matters were demanded to deliver policy innovations so when the policies have taken will advantage of the community more a priori with the Police. And it is hoped that the policies taken can reduce anarchist actions in adolescents. One of the policies which are trying to implement is the provision of special notes on police certificate of good conduct. Giving special notes is an early warning effort in anarchist actions involving teenagers. Therefore, researchers took the theme of innovative steps of the National Police in handling adolescents who were involved in anarchist actions during demonstrations.

Juvenile Delinquency Concept
As stated by Kartono (2005), a sociology expert, "Juvenile delinquency or in English known as juvenile delinquency is a symptom of social pathology in adolescents caused by a form of social neglect. As a result, they develop deviant forms of behavior. Adolescence is often known as the period of rebellion. At this time, a child who is just experiencing puberty often displays a variety of emotional fluctuations, withdraws from his family, and experiences various problems, both at home, school, or in his circle of friends. Juvenile delinquency at this time, as widely reported in various media, has been said to exceed reasonable limits. Many adolescents and minors are familiar with smoking, drugs, free sex, theft brawls, and involved in many other criminal acts that deviate from the norms prevailing in society and are dealing with the law. This social problem afflicts some of our teenagers today, specifically deviant behavior which is labeled as juvenile delinquency. The causes of juvenile delinquency problems result from various kinds of difficulties, it can be a result of the wrong parenting to educate or parents who are too busy with their work, it can also be due to incorrect choice of friends/social environment so that it can result in falling into the wrong association or a result of individual because of the identity crisis. In this study, what is meant by adolescents are students who are still vocational and high school students who attempted a demonstration on October 13, 2020.

Mass Mobilization Theory
The concept of mobilization is often contrasted with participation. In the mobilization, the masses were led without being involved in any activity. Mobilization activities are possible because of the process of interest, the process of community formation, and the process of using instruments. Mobilization is managed by utilizing various available resources to reach and direct the masses. One of the major sources that can move the masses is the media. The power of the media is used by interest groups to direct society according to their agenda. If we refer to some of the research carried out related to mass mobilization, it is generally focused on the activities of political parties or during general elections. Mass mobilization is closely related to practical politics. However, according to Verba, Schlozman, & Brady (2002), mass mobilization can be seen in three social phenomena, namely in the socio-economic field, in efforts to clean up by totalitarian regimes, and in a selective process to involve citizens in politics.
The process of mass mobilization also usually takes place among demonstrators, who try to channel their voting rights on a medium and large scale. One of them was a demo that took place in October 2020 regarding the Omnibus Law on copyright work. This law reaps pros and cons among the people in Indonesia.

Freedom of Opinion Theory
Freedom of opinion, as has been frequently echoed lately, post-reformation, seems to have brought fresh air to the people in expressing their thoughts and ideas, even criticizing the government. Freedom of opinion has its place in the process of democracy and reform that is currently underway in Indonesia. One of the characteristics of a democratic country is the guarantee of protection for freedom of opinion, that it is appropriate for the government in this case as the holder of executive rights and the House of Representatives as the bearer of the people's mandate to encourage and seek respect for this freedom of opinion. A country is considered truly democratic when the country is adequately prepared to provide substantial protection for the ideas of expressing opinion through any media (Johnson, 2001) Everyone should have all the necessary tools and mechanisms to allow the free flow of information. Many writings have been written about freedom of expression through digital media and even freedom of expression is one of the most frequently debated concepts and issues in an era where everything has been digitized. The ability of humans to develop digital technology has created a new social phenomenon where human relations will definitely be affected.
"Freedom of Expression means an open space not only for the media, but also for whole societies. The free flow of information empowers people to claim their rights in the public arena ... " What these above lines mean is that freedom of expression can be interpreted as an open area not only for the media right but also for the whole society. The free flow of information gives people the power to claim their rights in public or openly. Indonesia is a democratic rule of law, but it must be remembered that Indonesia is not only a democratic country but also a rule of law (rechsstaat), so that everything in life must be regulated by law, including freedom of speech. Although Indonesia allows people to express their thoughts, opinions, both oral and written, it must not hurt and harm others. Therefore, freedom of speech is responsible as one of the implementations of human rights under Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. And in Law No.9 of 1998 on the freedom to express opinions in public (Law 9/1998). In Article 1 point 2, it states: In public is in front of a large crowd, or other people, including in a place that can be visited and/or seen by everyone.

Relative Deprivation Theory
The theory was first introduced by Ted Robert Gurr in 1974, this theory is based on several previous studies which show that changes in political, economic, social, and cultural conditions could lead to conflict or division of community groups. Technically (Gurr, 1974, p. 24) explains that social, political, and economic changes that take place in a society or country will drive the level and intensity of expectations of its citizens in many ways, for example in terms of improving economic life, security, social quality, and freedom. However, if all expectations cannot be fulfilled, public disappointment will increase and conflict will easily occur.
Relative deprivation theory is used in this research to analyze the extent to which the influence of social, economic, and political conditions in Indonesia affects the polarization or division that occurs in society. Thus this theory can show the primary source of conflict that originated from the polarization of society in Indonesia .

METHODOLOGY
This research uses qualitative research methods with descriptive types. In qualitative research, the resulting data is in the form of written and spoken words which are described descriptively as a result of field observations. Quoting Moleong's opinion (2018), qualitative research is research that aims to understand the phenomena that exist in society. The data collection techniques in this study used interviews, documentation, and observation. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman technique where three lines of data analysis techniques, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The location of the research is in the city of Depok which is the occurrence of demonstrations and the origin of the demonstrators who are still students, including high school or vocational high school students. The data sources in this study were divided into two, specifically primary data sources and secondary data sources. Primary data sources are high school or vocational school students who take part in demonstrations, while secondary data sources are observations and documentation of demonstrations from various news in the mass media.

DISCUSSION
In the discussion of this study, researchers classified students in participating in demonstrations into several factors that made students potentially riotous in the Demonstration action Act passed by the DPR such as the Omnibus Law on Job Creation:

Demonstrations as the Implementation of Democracy Space and Expression of Opinions
According to Law No. 9 of 1998 on Freedom of Expressing Opinions in Public, a demonstration or demonstration is an activity carried out by one or more people to express their thoughts orally, in writing, and so forth in a demonstrative manner publicly. These two activities are the rights of every citizen and are protected by law. Thus, demonstrations are not prohibited. However, the thing that needs to be underlined is the systematic implementation of demonstrations that are protected by law are demonstrations that are guided by the constitution and do not cause chaos and damage.
The state has guarantee freedom in expressing opinions in public, this is a commitment of democracy that is upheld in Indonesia. The gathering of the masses in conveying aspirations is also part of the community control over the continuity of democracy and the fulfillment of the state to the rights possessed by the people. Demonstrations performed under the guidelines of the law will be well monitored. Polri as a state institution with the authority to maintain security and order has the authority to take measured police actions to ensure that demonstrations are carried out and will not interfere with the rights of other communities.
The Omnibus Law Act raises various kinds of debate from the realm of practitioners to the realm of education. And the climax of the debate was brought to the streets in the form of demonstrations. The protest in action to reject the Omnibus law on the Job Creation Act. The teenagers who are also students age have arrived at the DPR Building. It was planned that the dozens of teenagers from Depok would join the demonstration against the Omnibus Law Cipta Job Creation Act, in central Jakarta.
"Until now we are still blocking several elements of society, especially those who actually have no interest in going to Jakarta, we are blocking them because they have the potential to cause riots at the location of the demonstration," (https://prbandungraya.pikiran-rakyat.com/ Quoted on November 1, 2020 ) A wave of demonstrations and demonstrations occurred throughout October, the momentum of the "Sumpah Pemuda-youth oath" was also used as their motivation to convey their actions on the streets. The action, which was held in early October, to be precise on 8 October 2020, ended in chaos and most of the crowd in Jakarta destroyed public facilities. In addition, the masses also looted several shopping centers in Jakarta.
"The destruction that was accompanied by the looting of a Transjakarta bus stop during a demonstration against the Omnibus Law on the Job Creation Law on October 8, 2020, was caught on CCTV cameras. There were three video recordings of the looting, vandalism, and burning of The demonstrators were not only from the DKI Jakarta area, some also came from the Bodetabek area. In the city of Depok, the masses began arriving in the morning. Workers and students alike began to move towards Jakarta. After the vandalism that occurred on 8 October 2020 the following demonstrations days tended to be more peaceful and more orderly. So that at its peak, President Joko Widodo's Millennial Special Staff met the demonstrators and accepted the aspirations they conveyed and then forwarded them to President Joko Widodo. "I was asked (President Jokowi) to meet with the younger siblings who convey their aspirations and receive statements of attitude from friends of BEM SI. Which I will convey to Mr. President," Amin said via short message, Friday (16/10) This aspiration meeting was accepted on 15 October 2020, when the demonstration was carried out according to procedures by demonstrators. With demonstrations follow in procedure manner, the space for conveying aspirations in Indonesia can still be maintained and guaranteed to run normally, and communication between the state and society is still running adequately. Indonesia is currently facing an outbreak of the Covid-19 disease which has had a significant impact on the economy. The plague affected all levels of society. Thus the delivery of aspirations or demonstrations even though it has been accommodated by law, but its implementation during a pandemic period needs to paid much attention to health protocols. Gathering large numbers of people has the potential to create new clusters which will increase the number of Covid-19 spread in Indonesia.

Youth Violence Actions at Demonstrations, Juvenile Delinquency and Practical Politics
According to Kartono (2005), a sociology expert, "Juvenile delinquency or is a symptom of social pathology in adolescents caused by a form of social neglect. According to Nahar, each child has the "right to participate" to express their opinion. However, involving children in violent demonstrations is contrary to the Child Protection Law. The regulation mandates of children's protection away from political activities or activities that are destructive and contain violence. Referring to Kartono's (2005) statement, juvenile delinquency can be categorized as juvenile delinquency, in this case when students who take part in demonstrations are because they do not notice the direction and purpose, but follow adolescent instincts.
"Then when we find that children are involved, this should be the role of all parties to refrain from being able to prevent children from being involved in activities that can threaten both the life and psychology of the child," explained Nahar (Quoted from www.bbc.com. , 12 October 2020) The phenomenon of students participating in demonstrations began to increase in 2019 when hundreds of Senior High School and Technical School (STM) students participated in a demonstration against the revision of the KPK Law. The police handling of students and their detention has received attention from child protection activists. This is because the police released tear gas and detained 570 students during the action. In fact, the UN agency in charge of child affairs, UNICEF, highlighted the importance of special provisions for children in the Indonesian "For example, carrying a sharp weapon, then damaging public facilities damaged, we still process it and we continue to submit it to the court. But there are rules that regulate the treatment of children who are involved in crimes, there are rules," said Argo (www.bbc.com/12 October 2020 ).
However, Nahar from the Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection emphasized the need for prevention so that students do not become involved in violent demonstrations. In the process of the juvenile justice system, restorative justice is prioritized, returning (children) to the family and society, meaning that there is a role for the family, community, and local government. These roles must be activated to prevent problems arising from provoked youth, children being exploited for adult purposes.
Apart from the exploitation that was carried out by several individuals to convey the purpose of involving children, it is also inseparable from the transactional political culture that is still being implemented in Indonesia. Transactional politics is not limited to the process of implementing elections so that the involvement of children in demonstrations is a practice of transactional democracy. Transactional democracy aims to gather the masses through a transactional agreement to achieve the goal. This is in line with the opinion of Ratnia (2016) in Riza (2015) which states that transactional politics means trade politics, some are selling and some are buying. Of course, all of them require a mutually determined payment instrument. If in buying and selling, the means of payment is usually cash. In political practice, if there is transactional politics, there are those who give money and some receive money in these political transactions. In the practice of demonstrations and demonstrations, the potential for exploitation of students for transactional politics is very large and allows it to become a new and long-maintained phenomenon in Indonesia.
The transactional political practice appears to be growing rapidly in the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic. The economic situation of the community has weakened due to the prolonged pandemic wave. The probability thought of calls for demonstrations lured by money will occur more easily. Thus the factor of recognizing adolescents, opportunities for transactional politics during the pandemic are the two main factors for youth involvement in carrying out demonstrations against laws passed by the DPR such as the Omnibus Law.
The National Commission for Child Protection (PA) assesses that the involvement of children is a strategy for those who are not responsible for causing riots in the community. This is because children cannot be criminalized. Actually, the demonstration against the Job Creation Law (Ciptaker), Tuesday, October 13, 2020, was dominated by students. Referring to the theory of mass mobilization according to Verba, Schlozman, & Brady (2002), mass mobilization can be seen in three social phenomena, namely in the socio-economic field, in efforts to clean up by totalitarian regimes, and in a selective process to involve citizens in politics. . In this case, these teenagers were mobilized by the masses because they numbered up to hundreds. A total of 806 students were caught while participating in demonstrations in DKI Jakarta and its surroundings. And the majority of these teenagers do not understand what purpose they are striving for.

Giving Special Note to Student SKCK as Early Warning for Youth Anarchist Actions at Demonstrations
After securing the students, the police conducted data collection and rapid tests. From the data collection, a discourse emerged from the police to provide a special note for those involved in the demonstration in the Police Record Certificate (SKCK). According to the Chief of Police Regulation Number 18 of 2014 concerning Issuance of SKCK, it is explained that the Police Record Certificate (SKCK) hereinafter abbreviated as SKCK, is an official certificate issued by the Police to an individual or citizen applicant to fulfill the request of the person concerned or a necessity because there are provisions that require, based on the results of research on the identification and existing Police records about the person. Then it is explained again in Articles 6, 7, and 8 that SKCK can be used to become a prerequisite for the public to continue further education, the process of applying for jobs, and other interests related to the future of students. After securing the students, the police conducted data collection and rapid tests. From the data collection, a discourse emerged from the police to provide a special note for those involved in the demonstration in the Police Record Certificate (SKCK). According to the Chief of Police Regulation Number 18 of 2014 concerning Issuance of SKCK, it is explained that the Police Record Certificate (SKCK) hereinafter abbreviated as SKCK, is an official certificate issued by the Police to an individual or citizen applicant to fulfill the request of the person concerned or a necessity because there are provisions that require, based on the results of research on the identification and existing Police records about the person. Then it is explained again in Articles 6, 7, and 8 that SKCK can be used to become a prerequisite for the public to continue further education, the process of applying for jobs, and other interests related to the future of students. The discourse on the policy of giving special marks to SKCK for students involved in anarchist demonstrations or demonstrations was first sparked by the Head of the Depok Metro Police, Aziz Andriansyah. Furthermore, Aziz believes that the policy will be adopted to provide a "deterrent effect" to students. And this policy is also an alternative legal remedy for minors. As conveyed by the Police, the option taken was to register their identities, so that if later they wanted to apply for jobs, or make SKCKs, so that the data was already there. The same thing was done by the police in Depok, which emphasized that students caught in the act of taking part in demonstrations and potentially rioting, would make it difficult when making SKCK. If the SKCK needs to be issued, the police will testify that the applicant is a rioter. Meanwhile, at the Depok Metro Police, the Chief emphasized that this policy is a joint commitment between the Depok city government and all school principals.
"If he has the potential to (cause) a riot, we will not publish it," said Head of the Depok Metro Police, Senior Commissioner Azis Andriansyah, Wednesday, October 14, 2020. If the SKCK needs to be issued, said Aziz, the police will provide information that the applicant is a rioter. As a result, he said, the students would find it difficult to find work. Azis said this policy was made with the Depok City Government and all school principals. "I've made a commitment with the Head of the Education Office and the Mayor." He has asked educators to remind his students that their future is bright. "Don't make a bad learning foundation," said Azis. (Tempo.co) In addition, the discourse of special note for the SKCK is an early warning to the community, especially students, for further involvement in violence to demonstration activities. This proves that the National Police does not prohibit students from conveying their aspirations. However, the National Police prohibited students from carrying out anarchist actions that caused harm. The image of students who have been educated social groups should be a reference for all youth in order to be guided by this.

Discourse Polemic of Giving Special Notes to Student SKCK
The police discourse in giving special notes to SKCK students who were involved in anarchist actions at demonstrations became a polemic among several state institutions in Indonesia. KPAI Commissioner Jasra Putra, who said that the policy would make it difficult for students to find work in the formal sector. According to Jasra, there are other efforts that can be made to provide a deterrent effect on demonstrating students. This was solely to provide a deterrent effect to the adolescents who orchestrate the demonstration. Law Number 3 of 1997 concerning Juvenile Court is intended to protect and nurture children who are in conflict with the law in aim that children can face their long future and provide opportunities for children that through coaching their identity will be obtained to become independent, responsible, human beings. and useful for oneself, family, society, nation, and country.
"That he has committed a criminal act, there is another aspect of course there is an approach in the Child Justice System Law and the Child Protection Law where the best interests of the child must be our main concern," said Jasra. (https://www.bbc.com/indonesia) The ratification of the Omnibus Law on the Job Creation Law is known to have caused various waves of resistance. Several elements of society ranging from workers, youth to students took the streets for demonstrations against the Omnibus Law. The Acting Mayor of Depok, Dedi Supandi, then stated that his party had coordinated with the police regarding students participating in the Omnibus Law demonstration in Jakarta. It is said that the Depok Metro Police will not issue a Police Record Certificate (SKCK) for students who take part in the Omnibus Law demo. In addition, students who have taken part in demonstrations will also be penalized for drop out (expelled from school). indeed, the consequence is that apart from dropping out of school, those (students) who are involved in demonstrations, in time their SKCK will not be issued by the police. According to Dedi, he admitted that he had advised the Depok City Education Office and the Head of KCD II Bogor-Depok to intensively conduct vocational activities for schools, and parents with purpose that students, especially vocational and high school students, would not be involved in the Omnibus Law demonstration. On the other hand, Dedi also stated that the Depok city government had conveyed matters that were still of concern to the workers. Not only in Depok, but the same thing related to the application of SKCK making also applies in Tangerang, numbers around 230 people, about 85% of them are high school and junior high school students, were secured by the Tangerang Police during a demonstration against the Job Creation Law, Tuesday, October 13 2020.

CONCLUSION
The DPR's decision to pass a law reaps the pros and cons. Demonstrations are a form of rejection of the Law. These demonstrations also involved teenagers and led to riots. The rioting International Review of Humanities Studies www.irhs.ui.ac.id, e-ISSN: 2477-6866, p-ISSN: 2527-9416 Vol. 6, No.1, January 2021, pp. 112-124 took place in Jakarta which involved teenagers from several areas within the jurisdiction of Polda Metro Jaya. To create a deterrent effect, the police applied a special note to the SKCK when the identified teenager had conducted a demonstration. This was done by the Depok Metro Police based on the findings of the involvement of teenagers in violent demonstrations. Teens who take part in the actions are still in vocational high school and high school status. The aim of this was the police enforced the provision of notes on this SKCK as a medium for school or parents would need to warn their children to behave properly because their action would be recorded in the SKCK. The second function is as a controlled media for students to maintain their behavior and not fight against officers. Although the policy of giving special notes has become a polemic among experts and institutions outside the National Police, there is nothing to lose if this brilliant idea is studied more deeply so that policies are formed that may stop student involvement in rallies and demonstrations that lead to anarchist actions. Especially during this pandemic, it is difficult to implement health protocols during demonstrations.